ABSTRACT
RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A disfunção temporomandibular é um termo coletivo que abrange um largo espectro de problemas clínicos da articulação e dos músculos na área orofacial. O sistema estomatognático integra o sistema postural, assim sendo, alterações que ocorrem em um sistema podem interferir no funcionamento do outro. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se há alteração da posição da mandíbula e da cabeça antes e após o tratamento da disfunção temporomandibular. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados 16 voluntários, com idade acima de 18 anos, de ambos os gêneros, que buscaram tratamento na clínica do curso de odontologia de Instituição Pública de Ensino Superior, com diagnóstico de disfunção temporomandibular de acordo com os Critérios de Diagnóstico para Pesquisa das Desordens Temporomandibulares. Realizaram-se tomadas radiográficas (telerradiografia com análise de pontos cefalométricos); a avaliação postural, em relação cêntrica fisiológica, foi verificada por meio da fotogrametria computadorizada e a intensidade da dor foi avaliada pela escala analógica visual com pontuação de zero a 10. Os pacientes foram avaliados antes e após 8 semanas de tratamento. RESULTADOS: A percepção à dor diminuiu de 6,43±2,84 para 2,17±2,39, antes e após tratamento, respectivamente (p<0,05). O alinhamento vertical da cabeça, no ângulo inicial, mudou de 21,84º±17,49º para 11,38º±14,61º (p<0,05). A posição da mandíbula mudou de A-NB (ângulo que indica a relação maxila-mandíbula no sentido anteroposterior): 4,95±2,52mm para A-NB: 4,64±2,52 mm (p<0,05). CONCLUSÃO: A disfunção temporomandibular muscular pro-move alteração do alinhamento vertical da cabeça e interfere na posição da mandíbula.
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Temporomandibular disorder is a collective term encompassing a wide range of clinical orofacial joint and muscle problems. The stomatognatic system is part of the postural system, so changes in one system may interfere with the other. This study aimed at observing whether there is change in jaw and head position before and after temporomandibular disorder treatment. METHODS: Participated in the study 16 volunteers, aged above 18 years, of both genders, who looked for assistance in the dentistry course clinic of a Public University, with diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder according to Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorder Research. Volunteers were submitted to X-rays (teleradiography with analysis of cephalometric points); posture in physiologic centric relation was evaluated by computerized photogrammetry and pain intensity was evaluated by the visual analog scale from zero to 10. Patients were evaluated before and after 8 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: Pain has decreased from 6.43±2.84 to 2.17±2.39, before and after treatment, respectively (p<0.05). Vertical head alignment, in initial angle, has changed from 21.84º±17.49º to 11.38º±14.61º (p<0.05). Jaw position has changed from A-NB (angle indicating mandible-jaw relationship in the anterior posterior direction): 4.95±2.52mm to A-NB: 4.64±2.52mm (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Muscle temporomandibular disorder changes vertical head alignment and interferes with jaw position.
ABSTRACT
The internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) represents 8 percent of all cases of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) posing difficulties to establish an accurate diagnosis and treatment because of its low prevalence. This article presents the case of an 18-year-old Caucasian female patient who came to our Orofacial Pain and TMD Outpatient Service with complaints of intense pain on the right TMJ and limitation of mouth opening (maximum interincisal opening of 29 mm) with deviation to right, which she had been experiencing for the past 3 years. After a detailed clinical interview, a diagnosis hypothesis of nonreducing disc displacement with mouth opening limitation was established. The proposed treatment consisted of intra-joint infiltration with anesthetic in the right TMJ followed by jaw manipulation to recapture the articular disc, which was impeding the complete translation movement of the affected TMJ. After jaw manipulation, a new evaluation was done and showed the re-establishment of jaw dynamics with mouth opening and closing without deviation to the right side, clicking, opening limitation or pain. The patient was followed up at 6 months intervals. Two years after treatment, the patient was reevaluated and her mandibular range of motion without aid increased to 54 mm with no clicking, deviation to right, trismus or pain on the TMJ, indicating success of the treatment approach without recurrence of the pathology.